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List of Black Sabbath band members
Black Sabbath are an English heavy metal band from Aston, Birmingham. Formed in 1969, the group originally featured vocalist Ozzy Osbourne, guitarist Tony Iommi, bassist Geezer Butler and drummer Bill Ward. The initial lineup of the band lasted until 1977, during which time they released seven successful studio albums, including UK Albums Chart top-five releases ''Paranoid'', ''Master of Reality'' and ''Sabbath Bloody Sabbath''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Black Sabbath )〕 Osbourne left the group in 1977 and was replaced briefly by Dave Walker, although the founding frontman returned the following year. His return was short-lived, however, and he was replaced in 1979 by Ronnie James Dio at the suggestion of Sharon Arden, who would later marry Osbourne. Butler also briefly left in 1979, although after hearing sessions recorded by replacement Craig Gruber he returned.
The new lineup of Black Sabbath, complete with the addition of keyboardist Geoff Nicholls, released the critically acclaimed album ''Heaven and Hell'' in 1980, before drummer Ward was fired from the band due to a drinking problem. With Vinny Appice replacing Ward, the band released ''Mob Rules'' in 1981 and live album ''Live Evil'' in 1982, before Dio and Appice left to form the band Dio together. Former Deep Purple frontman Ian Gillan was brought in (and original drummer Ward returned) for 1983's ''Born Again''. Throughout the mid-1980s, the lineup of Black Sabbath changed numerous times, with members including David Donato, Jo Burt and Terry Chimes not contributing to any releases.
After a brief hiatus, guitarist and only constant member Iommi rebuilt Black Sabbath in 1985 with vocalist Glenn Hughes, bassist Dave Spitz and drummer Eric Singer, all of whom contributed to ''Seventh Star'', which was initially intended to be Iommi's debut solo album.〔 In 1987 the band hired their third long-term singer in Tony Martin, who replaced vocals previously recorded by Ray Gillen for ''The Eternal Idol'', released in 1987. Martin remained for 1989's ''Headless Cross'' and 1990's ''Tyr'', both of which featured drummer Cozy Powell following the departure of Singer; bass on the albums was performed by Laurence Cottle and Neil Murray, respectively. Martin was later replaced by Dio, with Butler and Appice also returning to record new album ''Dehumanizer'' for release in 1992, before the vocalist and drummer departed again.〔 Martin returned for the ''Cross Purposes'' (1994) and ''Forbidden'' (1995) albums, which would be the band's final studio albums for almost 20 years.〔
In 1997, Black Sabbath returned to their original lineup of Osbourne, Iommi, Butler and Ward for the live album ''Reunion''.〔 The group completed a number of tour dates, but remained inactive for a number of years while Iommi and Butler formed Heaven & Hell with Dio and Appice. It was later announced on 11 November 2011 that the band would reform to record their first album in 33 years for release in 2012, as well as a worldwide tour. However, in 2012 Ward pulled out of the reunion due to "a failure to agree" with his bandmates. Brad Wilk performed drums on the resulting album, ''13'', while Tommy Clufetos took over as the group's touring drummer.
==Official members==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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